ECIE 2021-Proceedings of the 16th European Conference on Innovation and Entrepreneurship VOL 2

These proceedings represent the work of contributors to the 16th European Conference on Innovation and Entrepreneurship (ECIE 2021), hosted by ISCTE Business School, Instituto Universitário de Lisboa, Portugal on 16-17 September 2021. The Conference Chair is Dr. Florinda Matos and the Programme Co-Chairs are Prof Maria de Fátima Ferreiro, Prof Álvaro Rosoi and Prof Isabel Salavisa all from Instituto Universitário de Lisboa, Portugal.




ECIE is a well-established event on the academic research calendar and now in its 16th year, the key aim remains the opportunity for participants to share ideas and meet the people who hold them. The conference was due to be held at Instituto Universitário de Lisboa, Portugal, but due to the global Covid-19 pandemic it was moved online to be held as a virtual event. The scope of papers will ensure an interesting two days. The subjects covered illustrate the wide range of topics that fall into this important and ever-growing area of research.




The keynote presentation is given by Soumodip Sarkar, Vice-Rector, from University of Évora, Portugal on the topic of Social Intelligence. The second day of the conference will open with an address by Professor Vittorio Loreto, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy, who will talk about Exploring the adjacent possible: play, anticipation, surprise.



With an initial submission of 269 abstracts, after the double blind, peer review process there are 131 Academic research papers, 18 PhD research papers, 4 Masters Research papers and 4 work-in-progress papers published in these Conference Proceedings. These papers represent research from Bahrain, Brazil, Cambodia, Canada, China, Columbia, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Eesti, Egypt, Estonia, Finland, Germany, Ghana, Greece, Iceland, India, Indonesia, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Japan, Kuwait, Lithuania, México, Norway, Oman, Perú, Poland, Portugal, Qatar, Republic of Ireland, România, Russia, Russian Federation, Singapore, Slovakia, South Africa, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Thailand, The Netherlands, Turkey, UAE, UK and USA.