Saving Soldiers or Civilians?: Casualty-Aversion versus Civilian Protection in Asymmetric Conflicts

There is a dilemma facing the US in asymmetric conflicts. Balancing concern for the lives of soldiers and innocent civilians has opened new areas of vulnerability that have been systematically exploited by non-state adversaries. Kaempf examines how the resulting trade-off is forcing decision-makers to have to choose between these two norms.